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Globalization
and Sustainable Development
Collaborative
Projects Researchers
Publications
Since 1999, the Global Development and Environment Institute’s Globalization and Sustainable Development Program has examined the social and environmental impacts of economic integration in developing countries, with a particular emphasis on NAFTA and the WTO. The goal of the program is to identify policies and international agreements that foster sustainable development. The program’s work is divided into three broad areas:
New Models for Global Economic Governance: How might proposed trade agreements such as the WTO’s Doha Round affect social and environmental conditions in the nations that become party to them? GDAE has four projects in this area: critiquing economic models of the gains from trade; working to create more policy space for industrial development in global economic governance; US agricultural policies in a global economy; and intellectual property and public health.
Sustainable
Industrial Development: To what extent do current proposals for economic integration foster sustainable industrial development? This research is divided into three areas: foreign direct investment, export competitiveness, and the environment.
Sustainable
Rural Development: GDAE research illuminates the ways in which global economic integration must be managed to serve the needs of the larger society, including rural communities. Further collaborative research focuses on policies that can revalue peasant agricultural production in the context of globalization. GDAE also examines the contribution of U.S. agricultural policies to farmers' livelihoods challenges.
Collaborative
Projects
Working
Groups on Development and Environment in the Americas: GDAE initiated the Working Group on Development and Environment
in the Americas in 2004, bringing together economic
researchers from several countries in the Americas to evaluate the social and
environmental impacts of economic liberalization. The
goal is to contribute empirical
research and analysis to the ongoing policy debates
on national economic development strategies and international
trade. In July 2004, the first Working Group published the
report, "Globalization
and the Environment: Lessons from the Americas",
based on eight country studies on the environmental impacts of liberalization. Three subsequent Working Group projects are planned or underway: Foreign Direct Investment, Agriculture, and Intellectual Property.
Toward a Southern Consensus on Globalization and Development: Many developing nations are now deviating from the much discredited “Washington Consensus” of economic policy reforms. In collaboration with India-based Research and Information Systems for Developing Countries (RIS), and the Research Center for Economic Change (CENIT) in Argentina, GDAE will bring together prominent policy-makers, economists, and members of civil society to articulate a “Southern consensus” on globalization and development policy to frame an alternative to the Washington Consensus.
Mexico in the NAFTA Era: Collaboration with The Science, Technology, and Development Program
(PROCIENTEC) at the Colegio de Mexico: GDAE has collaborated with this Mexico City-based institute since 2000 on a wide variety of projects, including economic theory, industrial development, and agriculture. Further information on the institute and a partial selection of its publications are available on this web site (click here).
Researchers
Kevin P. Gallagher, GDAE Senior Research Associate, focuses on trade and industrial development. His recent books include The Enclave Economy: Foreign Investment and Sustainable Development in Mexico’s Silicon Valley (with Lyuba Zarsky). Gallagher also serves as a professor of international relations at Boston University.
Timothy A. Wise, GDAE Deputy Director, is a specialist in social aspects of sustainable development. He is the co-author of the book (in English and Spanish), Confronting Globalization: Economic Integration and Popular Resistance in Mexico.
Frank Ackerman, GDAE Research and Policy Director, oversees the work of the Research and Policy Program, including the Globalization and Sustainable Development Program.
Lyuba Zarsky, GDAE Senior Research Fellow, works on sustainable industrial development. Her recent books include The Enclave Economy: Foreign Investment and Sustainable Development in Mexico’s Silicon Valley (with Kevin Gallagher). She is also a professor at the Monterrey Institute.
Kenneth Shadlen is a Senior Research Fellow at GDAE and a senior lecturer (associate professor) of Development Studies at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is the author of Democratization Without Representation: The Politics of Small Industry in Mexico (Penn State University Press, 2004). His current research addresses the politics of intellectual property.
Roberto Porzecanski, a pre-doctoral fellow at GDAE, is a doctoral candidate at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts. His research focuses on the political economy of foreign investment in the Southern Cone.
Luciana Togeiro de Almeida is a visiting scholar at GDAE and previously served as the co-chair of the Working Group on Development and Environment in the Americas. She is a professor in the Department of Economics at Sao Paulo State University and former President of the Brazilian Society for Ecological Economics.
Ann Helwege, GDAE Senior Research Fellow, is the co-author of Latin America’s Economy. She is an associate professor at Emmanuel College.
Globalization
Publications
(To get notified of new GDAE publications, click here)
Books
The Enclave Economy: Foreign Investment and Sustainable Development in Mexico's Silicon Valley , Kevin
P. Gallagher and Lyuba Zarsky, The MIT Press, 2007
Watch an interview with Kevin Gallagher about The Enclave Economy, along with economist and Leontief Prize winner Ha-Joon Chang.
Putting
Development First: The Importance of Policy Space in
the WTO and IFIs, Edited by Kevin
P. Gallagher, Zed Books, 2005.
Globalización
y medio ambiente: Lecciones desde las Américas,
Edited by Hernán Blanco, Luciana Togeiro
de Almeida y Kevin P. Gallagher, RIDES-GDAE, 2005
Free
Trade and the Environment: Mexico, NAFTA, and Beyond,
Kevin P. Gallagher, Stanford University
Press, 2004.
International
Investment for Sustainable Development,
Lyuba Zarsky, editor, Earthscan, 2004.
Globalization
and the Environment: Lessons from the Americas,
by the Working Group on Development and Environment
in the Americas, July 2004, Heinrich Boll Foundation.
Confronting
Globalization: Economic Integration and Popular Resistance
in Mexico, Timothy A. Wise, Hilda
Salazar, and Laura Carlsen (eds.), Kumarian Press and
Editorial Miguel Angel Porrua, 2003. (Published in Spanish
as Enfrentando la Globalizacion: Respuestas Sociales
a la Integracion Economica de Mexico, Laura Carlsen,
Tim Wise, and Hilda Salazar, eds., Editorial Miguel
Angel Porrua, 2003.)
Earthscan
Reader on International Trade and Sustainable Development,
Kevin P. Gallagher and Jacob Werksman (eds.), Earthscan
Publications, 2002.
Papers, Articles and Reports
"Back to the Drawing Board: No Basis for Concluding the Doha Round of Negotiations" by Kevin P. Gallagher and Timothy A. Wise, RIS Policy Brief #36, April 2008.
"Comment: Congress is right to oppose trade deal with Colombia," by Kevin P. Gallagher, Reuters, April 9, 2008.
"Climbing Up the Technology Ladder? High-Technology Exports in China and Latin America" by Kevin P. Gallagher and Roberto Porzecanski, U.C. Berkeley Center for Latin American Studies Working Paper No. 20, January 2008.
“The Politics of Patents and Drugs in Brazil and Mexico: The Industrial Bases of Health Activism,” by Ken Shadlen, GDAE Working Paper No. 07-05, December 2007.
"Free Trade Agreements in the Americas: Worth the Investment?" by Kevin P. Gallagher, Bridges Trade Monthly, ICTSD, Nov.-Dec. 2007 (Also published in Spanish in ICTSD's Puentes).
"Feeding at the Trough: Industrial Livestock Firms Saved $35 billion
From Low Feed Prices," by Elanor Starmer and Timothy A. Wise, GDAE Policy Brief 07-03, December 2007.
"Living High on the Hog: Factory Farms, Federal Policy, and the Structural Transformation of Swine Production," by Elanor Starmer and Timothy A.
Wise, GDAE Working Paper No. 07-04, December 2007.
"Declining Poverty in Latin America? A Critical Analysis of New Estimates by International Institutions," by Ann Helwege and Melissa B.L. Birch, GDAE Working Paper No. 07-02, September 2007.
"Multinationals and the “Maquila Mindset” in Mexico’s Silicon Valley," by Lyuba Zarsky and Kevin P. Gallagher, Americas Program Policy Brief,
Interhemispheric Resource Center, October 12, 2007.
"Relevance of ‘Policy Space’ for Development:
Implications for Multilateral Trade Negotiations," by Nagesh Kumar and Kevin P. Gallagher, RIS Discussion Paper #120, March 2007.
"No Fast Track to Global Poverty Reduction," by Timothy A. Wise and Kevin P. Gallagher, GDAE Policy Brief 07-02, April 2007.
"Greening U.S. Trade," by Kevin P. Gallagher, Policy Innovations, April 9, 2007.
"The WTO and the Shrinking of Development Space—How Big is the Bite?" by Alisa DiCaprio and Kevin P. Gallagher, Journal of World Investment and Trade, Volume 7, no. 5, October 2006.
A policy brief based on this article appeared as "Measuring the Cost of Lost Policy Space at the WTO," Americas Program, International Relations Center, March 20, 2007.
This document was also published in Spanish and Korean.
"Industrial Livestock Companies' Gains from Low Feed Prices, 1997-2005," by Timothy A. Wise and Elanor Starmer, GDAE Policy Brief 07-01, February, 2007.
"Policy Space for Mexican Maize: Protecting Agro-biodiversity by Promoting Rural Livelihoods," by Timothy A.
Wise, GDAE Working Paper No. 07-01, February, 2007.
"Do Investment Agreements Attract Investment? Evidence from Latin America," by Kevin P. Gallagher and Melissa B.L. Birch, Journal of World Investment and Trade v7, no6., December 2006.
"Feeding
the Factory Farm: Implicit Subsidies to the Broiler
Chicken Industry," Elanor Starmer, Aimee
Witteman and Timothy A. Wise, GDAE Working Paper No.
06-03, June, 2006.
"Is
NAFTA Working For Mexico?" by Kevin
P. Gallagher, The Environmental Forum, May/June
2006.
"Doha
Round and Developing Countries: Will the Doha deal do
more harm than good?" by Timothy A. Wise and Kevin P. Gallagher, RIS Policy Brief
#22, April 2006.
"Rethinking
Foreign Investment for Development,"
By Kevin P.Gallagher and Lyuba Zarsky, Published in
Post-Autistic Economics Review, Issue no. 37,
April 28, 2006.
"Doha's
Hidden Price Tag" By Kevin P. Gallagher,
Bridges Trade Monthly, March-April, 2006.
"The
Missing Links between Foreign Investment and Development:
Lessons from Costa Rica and Mexico,"
February, 2006. Eva A. Paus and Kevin P. Gallagher.
"The
WTO's Development Crumbs," By Timothy
A. Wise, Foreign Policy in Focus, January 23,
2006.
"Brazil:
Trading Away Industrial Development?"
Kevin P. Gallagher, IRC Americas Program Policy
Report, December 13, 2005.
"The
Hong Kong Ministerial: What’s at Stake for the
Poor?" By Timothy A. Wise and Kevin
P. Gallagher, Bridges Trade Monthly, December
2005. (Also available in Spanish.)
"Preserving Policy Space
for Sustainable Development: The Subsidies Agreement
at the WTO," Francisco Aguayo
Ayala and Kevin P. Gallagher, Trade Knowledge
Network/IISD, December 2005.
"Identifying
the Real Winners from U.S. Agricultural Policies,"
Timothy A. Wise, GDAE Working Paper No. 05-07, December,
2005.
"Policy
Space for Development in the WTO and Beyond: The Case
of Intellectual Property Rights,"
by Ken Shadlen, GDAE Working Paper 05-06, November 2005.
"The
Doha Round's Development Impacts: Shrinking Gains and
Real Costs,"
RIS Policy Brief #19, by Timothy A. Wise and Kevin
P. Gallagher, November 2005.
"Revaluing
Peasant Coffee Production: Organic and Fair Trade Markets
in Mexico," by Muriel Calo and Timothy
A. Wise, October 2005.
"The
Shrinking Gains from Trade: A Critical Assessment of
Doha Round Projections," Frank Ackerman,
GDAE Working Paper No. 05-01, October 2005.
"CAFTA
and the environment," by Kevin P.
Gallagher, The Providence Journal, April 11, 2005.
"Understanding
the Farm Problem: Six Common Errors in Presenting Farm
Statistics," by Timothy A. Wise, GDAE Working
Paper No. 05-02, March 2005.
"CAFTA's
False Promise," by Kevin P. Gallagher,
Americas Program Policy Brief, International Relations
Center, March 21, 2005.
"Testing
Two Views Of Trade's Environmental Impacts,"
interview with Kevin P. Gallagher in EcoAmericas, February
2005.
"Free
Trade and the Environment: Mexico, NAFTA, and Beyond,"
by Kevin P. Gallagher, Americas Program Policy Brief,
Interhemispheric Resource Center, September 17, 2004.
(Published in Spanish in La Jornada en la Economia,
August 9, 2004, "Libre
Comercio y Ecologia: El Paraiso Contaminante."
"The
Environmental Costs of Agricultural Trade Liberalization:
Mexico-U.S. Maize Trade Under NAFTA,"
Alejandro Nadal and Timothy A. Wise. Working Group
Discussion Paper DP04, June 2004.
"Economic
Integration and the Environment in Mexico: Lessons for
Future Trade Agreements," Kevin P. Gallagher.
Working Group Discussion Paper DP06, June 2004.
“Fair
Trade in Tropical Crops is Possible: International Commodity
Agreements Revisited,” by Niek Koning,
Muriel Calo, and Roel Jongeneel. North-South Centre
Discussion Paper No. 3, Wangeningen University, June
2004.
"Barking
Up the Wrong Tree: Agricultural Subsidies, Dumping,
and Policy Reform," Bridges Trade Monthly,
May 2004. (Also available
in Spanish, in Puentes entre el comercio y el
desarrollo sostenible.)
"The
Paradox of Agricultural Subsidies: Measurement Issues,
Agricultural Dumping, and Policy Reform"
by Timothy A. Wise, GDAE Working Paper 04-02, May 2004.
"NAFTA,
Foreign Direct Investment, and Development in Mexico",
by Kevin P. Gallagher and Lyuba Zarsky, Americas Program
Policy Brief, Interhemispheric Resource Center, January
28, 2004.
"Sustainable
Industrial Development? The Performance of Mexico’s
FDI-led Integration Strategy," by
Kevin P. Gallagher, and Lyuba Zarsky, November 2003.
"A
Fate Worse Than NAFTA: Mexico's Failure to Implement
Farm Protections,"
by Timothy A. Wise, Center for Popular Economics, November
17, 2003.
"Fields
of Free Trade: Mexico's Small Farmers in a Global Economy,"
by Timothy A. Wise, Dollars & Sense, November/December
2003.
"International
Trade and Air Pollution: The Economic Costs of Air Emissions
from Waterborne Commerce Vessels in the United States"
Kevin P. Gallagher and Robin Taylor, GDAE Working
Paper 03-08, September 2003.
"Nothing
Fails Like Success: NAFTA's Sorry Track Record in Mexico"
by Timothy A. Wise, Center for Popular Economics, September
1, 2003.
"The
Environmental Review of the FTAA: Examining the U.S.
Approach," Kevin P. Gallagher, Carnegie
Endowment for International Peace, Trade, Equity,
and Development Series, No. 7, August 2003.
"Free
Trade, Corn, and the Environment: Environmental Impacts
of US-Mexico Corn Trade Under NAFTA," Frank
Ackerman, Timothy A. Wise, Kevin P. Gallagher, Luke
Ney, and Regina Flores, in Trade and Environment
in North America: Key Findings for Agriculture and Energy
(Montreal: North American Commission for Environmental
Cooperation, 2003), and published with permission as
GDAE Working Paper No. 03-06, June 2003.
NAFTA's
Untold Stories: Mexico's Grassroots Responses to North
American Integration, Timothy A. Wise,
Americas Program Policy Report (Silver City, NM: Interhemispheric
Resource Center, June 10, 2003).
Searching
for the Holy Grail: Making FDI Work for Sustainable
Development, Lyuba Zarsky and Kevin P.
Gallagher, WWF Analytical Paper, March 2003.
"Economic
Reform, Energy, and Development: The Case of Mexican
Manufacturing" Francisco Aguayo and Kevin
P. Gallagher, GDAE Working Paper 03-05, July 2003.
"NAFTA:
A Cautionary Tale,"
by Timothy A. Wise and Kevin P. Gallagher,
published by Foreign Policy in Focus and the
"Americas Program" of the Interhemispheric
Resource Center, October 24, 2002. (Also
available in Spanish.)
"The
Fiscal Impacts of Investment Provisions in U.S. Trade
Agreements" by Kevin P. Gallagher and
Frank Ackerman, published by Taxpayers for Common Sense,
May 2002.
"Economic
Analysis in Environmental Reviews of Trade Agreements:
Assessing the North American Experience"
by Kevin P. Gallagher, Frank Ackerman, and Luke Ney,
April 2002.
"Is
the United States a Pollution Haven?"
by Frank Ackerman, published by Foreign Policy
in Focus and the "Americas Program" of
the Interhemispheric Resource Center, March 1, 2002.
(Also
available in Spanish.)
"Fast
Track: Fix It or Nix It" by
Kevin Gallagher, published by Foreign Policy in Focus
and the "Americas Program" of the Interhemispheric
Resource Center, January 25, 2002. (Also
available in Spanish.)
"A
Retrospective Review of FERC's Environmental Impact
Statement on Open Transmission Access,"
a report for the North American Commission for Environmental
Cooperation on energy deregulation in North America,
co-authored by Frank Ackerman with Tim Woolf, Geoff
Keith, and David White of Synapse Energy Economics,
October 19, 2001. (Available as PDF file from
Synapse
web site.)
"Is
NACEC a Model Trade and Environment Institution? Lessons
from Mexican Industry," Kevin P.
Gallagher, GDAE Working Paper 01-08, October 2001.(The
final version of this paper is now available as "The
CEC and Environmental Quality: Assessing the Mexican
Experience," in John Knox and David Markel, eds.,
Greening NAFTA: The Experience and Potential of the
North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation.
Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 2002.)
GDAE
Submits Comments to USTR: Building on its critique
of the misuses of economic modeling in assessing the
potential environmental impacts of trade agreements,
GDAE and some of its Latin American collaborators have
submitted formal comments to the USTR on proposed trade
agreements. Those filings are available at:
- US-Chile
Free Trade Agreement -- Environmental Review:
Kevin Gallagher and Frank Ackerman, along with Hernan
Blanco and Annie Dufey of Chile's Center for Planning
and Research on the Environment (CIPMA), November
2001. Read the
comments (PDF).
- Free
Trade Area of the Americas -- Environmental Review
Methodology: "The Limits of Economic
Modeling in the FTAA Environmental Review."
(PDF) Frank Ackerman, Kevin Gallagher, and Alejandro
Nadal, January 2001.
- Free
Trade Area of the Americas -- General: "NAFTA:
A Cautionary Tale", by Kevin P. Gallagher and
Timothy A. Wise, September 2002.
"Dirt
is in the Eye of the Beholder: The World Bank Air Pollution
Intensities for Mexico" Francisco Aguayo,
Kevin P. Gallagher, and Ana Citlalic Gonz^lez, GDAE
Working Paper 01-07, July 2001.
"Have
Faith in Free Trade: The Greatest Story Oversold"
(PDF) Kevin Gallagher, Foreign Policy in Focus,
June 2001.
"Can
Openers and Comparative Advantage: Alternative Theories
of Free Trade and Globalization" (PDF)
Frank Ackerman, Speech presented to the Environment
Forum of the Peoples' Summit of the Americas, April
2001.
"Community
Control in a Global Economy: Lessons from Mexico's Economic
Integration Process" (PDF) Timothy
A. Wise and Eliza Waters, GDAE Working Paper 01-03,
February 2001.
"The Limits of
Economic Modeling in the FTAA Environmental Review."
(PDF) Frank Ackerman, Kevin Gallagher, and Alejandro
Nadal, comments filed with the U.S. Trade Representative's
Office, January 2001.
"Trade
Liberalization and Industrial Pollution in Mexico: Lessons
for the FTAA." (PDF) Kevin Gallagher, GDAE
Working Paper 00-07, October 2000. This paper is
no longer available as a GDAE Working Paper, as it will
appear as "Industrial Pollution in Mexico: Did the NAFTA
Matter?" in The Environment and the FTAA: What
Can We Learn from the NAFTA Experience? Carolyn Deere
and Daniel Esty (eds). (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2002).
"Trade Liberalization and
Pollution Intensive Industries in Developing Countries:
A Partial Equilibrium Approach." (PDF)
Kevin Gallagher and Frank Ackerman, GDAE Working Paper
00-03, January 2000.
"Social
and Environmental Impacts of NAFTA: Grassroots responses
to economic integration" Hilda
Salazar and Laura Carlsen, eds. This bilingual
booklet on some of the case studies from the "Community
Control" research is available on the RMALC web
site.
Publications
from GDAE's Mexican partner institute, PROCIENTEC, can
also be found on this web site. (See PROCIENTEC
Working Papers.)
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